With that being the case, instead of going through boring derivations about magnetic levitation, we will focus on an important application, highspeed trains, known as maglev trains. German farmers working nearby the maglev railway could hardly notice a train passes by. Professor eric laithwaite of imperial college in london developed the first fullsize working model. P a g e 1 magnetic levitation train a seminar report submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical engineering by anuj bansal reg. Levitating trains that travel at inexplicably high speeds seem like magic, but in reality it utilizes old technology being refined into the transportation of the future. Welcome to a quick summary of the physics and engineering behind maglev trains. With maglev, a vehicle travels along a guideway using magnets to create both lift and propulsion. How could a train possibly move along the tracks without wheels. In maglev, superconducting magnets suspend a train car above a ushaped concrete guideway. The coaches of the train do not slide over steel rails but float on a four inch air cushion above the track using meissner effect of super conducting magnets. Types of maglev trains based on the technique used for levitation the are two types of maglev trains 1.
Maglev is short for magnetic levitation in which trains float on a guideway using the principle of magnetic repulsion. These trains use powerful magnets to stay in the air. Maglev trains work on the principle of electromagnetic propulsion, wherein the cars are suspended, guided, and propelled using powerful magnets. In this context the history and development of maglev trains is discussed. The train will be propelled to move by the guide way itself.
Working at the british rail research division in derby, along with teams at several civil engineering firms. The common point in all applications is the lack of contact and thus no wear and friction. The principle and working of maglev train with lateral guidance. Advantages and disadvantages of maglev trains wheelzine. The train will be floating about 10mm above the magnetic guiding track. Principle of magnetic levitation the 8 figured levitation coils are installed on the sidewalls of the guideway. Assessment of structural analysis and design principles for maglev guideway. These trains follow magnetic guiderails instead of conventional rails.
In principle, maglev vehicles may have a variety of applications, ranging from. This increases efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and increases the useful life of the system. Each implementation of the magnetic levitation principle for traintype travel involves advantages and disadvantages. The electric motor manufacturer stated that the key technology of the maglev train propulsion system is to expand the rotating electric machine into a linear motor. The train will be propelled to move by the guide way. Currently only in operation in a handful of countries, including china and japan, maglev trains are the fastest in the world, with a record speed of 375 mph 603 kmh. The basic idea is to use magnets to power the train. This video shows how to build a maglev magnetic levitation train using materials you can buy online or at a hardware store. Design and control of levitation and guidance systems for. Railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic levitation maglev technologies the tokaido shinkansen began operations in 1964 and was an immediate success. Magnetic levitation is a technology that uses magnetic fields to make the train move. They are probably best known as the source of motive power in the latest generation of highspeed maglev magnetic levitation trains, which promise safe travel at very high speeds but are expensive and incompatible with existing railroads.
Maglev trains free download as powerpoint presentation. Maglev derived from maglev could be a conveyance technology that uses magnetic levitation to move vehicles while not creating contact with the bottom or an electrical pickup. These high speed trains travel over 500kmh and do this using. These principles govern the levitation of maglev trains.
Magnetic levitation principles introduction magnetic fields are used to describe forces at a distance from electric currents. People use linear motors to make maglev trains with speeds of up to 500km per hour. Maglev short for magnetic levitation trains can trace their roots to technology pioneered at brookhaven national laboratory. As the maglev train doesnt have any physical contact with the rails, it has to use noncontact measuring methods. Trains that hover just above the tracks are actually possible due to magnetic levitation, or maglev for short. Working at the british rail research division in derby, along with teams at several. Rtri and jr central are working together to develop. Much like a fullsized maglev system, the track and train need to. The magnetic levitation can be achieved by three techniques viz. However, a demerit of the maglev is the expensive construction fee of the guidance rail.
Since then, japans shinkansen network has expanded considerably, and its success has prompted rapid development of highspeed railways in other countries. Analysis and design of a speed and position system for maglev vehicles. In august 20 the mayor of tel aviv, israel, announced plans to introduce skytran, an urban maglev transportation system that uses twoseater pods hanging from magnetic rails. Maglev trains work on the principle of electromagnetic suspension. The magnetic levitation technology can be used as an efficient technology in. Maglev trains use electromagnets to lift the whole train into the air a short distance. These trains float over guideways using the basic principles of magnets to replace the old steel wheel and track trains. When the onboard superconducting magnets pass at a high speed about several centimeters below the center of these coils, an. Hyperloop transportation technologies htt is the first hyperloop company created founded in 20, with a current workforce of more than 800 engineers and professionals located around the world. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation is a system of train transportation that uses two sets. The name maglev is derived from magnetic levitation. Each implementation of the magnetic levitation principle for traintype travel involves. The maglev train system has three important components the power source, the track referred to as the guideway, and the gigantic magnets.
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the united. Magnetic levitation is a highly advanced technology. The team produced a design for a smallscale proofofconcept linear maglev system, measuring half meter in length, capable of levitating and accelerating a scalemodel maglev train. Magnetic levitation trains are becoming a popular transportation topic all around. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako. The following is a general explanation of the principle of maglev. Analysis and design of a speed and position system for. Learning the theory behind a physics principle is especially fun when you can see it actually being used in the real world. Thus, there is no need of any engine inside he train. Superconductive magnets are the most common of all the magnets, and are sometimes called cryomagnetic. The detailed working of maglev train is shown in the figure below.
In other words, by this speed, it will only take two hours to travel from paris to rome. The result is a transport system which can regularly attain much higher speeds than more conventional rail systems. Maglev train propulsion and levitation may involve the use of superconducting materials, electromagnets, diamagnets, and rareearth magnets. Basic principle of maglev trains maglev trains have to perform the following functions to operate in high speeds 1. The principle of magnetic levitation is that a vehicle can be suspended and propelled on a guidance track made with magnets. The maglev train is still under development and many scientists are working on the project.
Theres no rail friction to speak of, meaning these trains can hit speeds of hundreds of miles. Most research on maglev trains has been carried out in japan and germany. Electro magnetic suspension ems, electro dynamic suspension eds and inductrack technology. For example, while every highspeed rail passenger pays one dollar for each mile traveled, maglev passengers could pay as little as 5 cents per mile, says james powell, director of the company maglev 2000 and a coinventor of superconducting maglev trains. Kishan bhushan sahay submitted in department of electrical engineering madan. Principle of maglev maglev is a system in which the vehicle runs levitated from the guide way corresponding to the rail tracks of conventional railways by using. Eds is used in japans mlx01 maglev train, the fastest train in the world, which reached a speed of 581 kph in 2003.
These fields lift the train a small distance above the tracks and moves the train. Magnetic levitation maglev or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. As the frictional parts are minimum in this type of technology, the maglev trains are known to have more speed, smoothness and less sound. This paper mainly researches one method of speed and location detection for maglev vehicles. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational acceleration and any other accelerations the two primary issues involved in magnetic levitation are lifting forces. Cost reduction by eliminating friction, maglev trains use less energy and can significantly reduce costs. Prashant zanwar university of central florida maglev. Maglev trains incorporate a basic fact about magnetic forceslike magnetic poles repel each other, and opposite magnetic poles attract each otherto lift, propel, and guide a vehicle over a track or guideway. The train has a superconducting magnet built into the base of the carriages. In the 21st century there are a few countries using powerful electromagnets to develop highspeed trains, called maglev trains. Magnetic levitation maglev is a system of train transportation that uses two sets of magnets, one set to repel and push the train up off the track as in levitation, then another set to move the floating train ahead at great speed taking advant.
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